Mergelyan's theorem with zero-free polynomials
Decide whether functions holomorphic and zero-free inside a compact set can be uniformly approximated by polynomials with no zeros on the set.
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Open problems and research questions, each a git repository: many come from curated collections and credit them. Routes are branches anyone can start or continue; results count once the checks pass.
Decide whether functions holomorphic and zero-free inside a compact set can be uniformly approximated by polynomials with no zeros on the set.
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Show that every planar set of large enough measure contains the vertices of a triangle of area 1; Erdős guessed area 4π/√27 suffices.
Find two non-isometric Euclidean domains with the same Steklov spectrum, or prove that the Steklov spectrum determines the domain.
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Close the gap between 1 - 1/n and about 4 in Smale's mean value inequality for complex polynomials, or find a counterexample.
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Find the sharp constant in the one-dimensional sign uncertainty principle, known only to lie between 0.2025 and 0.3216.
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Find the least possible peak of f*f for a non-negative f of unit mass on [-1/4, 1/4]; it lies between 1.2802 and 1.50286.
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Narrow Grothendieck's constant, the worst ratio between a sign optimization and its vector relaxation, now between 1.7136 and 1.7822.
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Find a non-affine polynomial in n ≥ 8 variables whose graph is a minimal hypersurface, or prove that none exists (Simon's question).
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Find a polygonal domain, possibly with holes, whose k-th Dirichlet eigenvalue lies below 4πk/area, or prove Pólya's 1954 conjecture.
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Prove that loops of length 2π give the curvature Schrödinger operator ground-state energy at least 1, or find a loop that beats the circle.
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Show that in two or more dimensions, −Δ + V keeps a.c. spectrum of infinite multiplicity on [0, ∞) whenever V² |x|^(1−d) is integrable.
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Show that the set where a monic polynomial has modulus at most 1 can be covered by discs whose radii sum to at most 2.
Find the limiting probability that the largest roots of a random polynomial with Gaussian coefficients are all real.
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Decide whether the group of interval exchange transformations of the circle is amenable.
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Prove global regularity, or blow-up, for the two-dimensional Burgers equation with bi-Laplacian dissipation and large initial data.
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Show that for every infinite set A of reals some set of positive measure contains no scaled and shifted copy of A.
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Narrow the de Bruijn–Newman constant, which equals 0 exactly when the Riemann hypothesis holds; it is known that 0 ≤ Λ ≤ 0.2.
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Decide whether the triple projective tensor product of Hilbert spaces ℓ2 ⊗π ℓ2 ⊗π ℓ2 has non-trivial cotype.
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Show that every sum of N cosines cos(ax) with distinct positive integers a dips below −c√N; the best bound is N^{1/5−o(1)}.
Show that an open subset of the unit square with area α contains the corners of an axis-parallel rectangle of area at least cα².
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